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Ammonium Sulfate
Chemical Properties:
CAS Number: 7783-20-2
pH: 4.5-6.5 (@ 20oC)
Molecular Weight: 132.14 g/mol
Molecular Formula: (NH4)2SO4
Industry Uses:
Ammonium Sulfate is made by reacting ammonia with sulfuric acid. This product is used as an intermediate to precipitate and fractionate proteins. Ammonium Sulfate assists in the purification of biochemical products. It is also used as a flame retardant.
Guanidine Hydrochloride
Chemical Properties:
CAS Number: 50-01-1
pH: 4.0-6.0 (6 M Solution)
Molecular Weight: 95.53 g/mol
Melting Range: 184-188°C
Molecular Formula: CH5N3●HCL
Industry Uses:
Guanidine HCL is a chaotropic agent used to disrupt the structure of proteins. As a denaturant it acts to unfold proteins and turn them into their original polypeptide chains. It is commonly utilized in the isolation of RNA by dissociating the RNA into its nucleic acids and protein forms. At higher concentrations Guanidine HCl decreases enzyme activity. It is also used to increase the solubility of hydrophobic molecules.
Tris Hydrochloride
Chemical Properties:
CAS Number: 1185-53-1
pH: 3.5-5.0 (0.5M Solution)
Molecular Weight: 157.6 g/mol
Melting Range: 147-153°C
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO3●HCl
Industry Use:
Tris HCL is used as a stabilizing buffer in biological applications such as electro chromatography, UV analysis and HPLC. Tris HCL is utilized to adjust pH ranges for gels used in electrophoresis applications.
Tromethamine, U.S.P.
Chemical Properties:
CAS Number: 77-86-1
pH: 10.0-11.0 (0.1 M Solution)
Molecular Weight: 121.14 g/mol
Melting Range: 168-172°C
Molecular Formula: C4H11NO3
Industry Uses:
Tris, commonly used as a buffer in biochemistry and molecular biology, stabilizes the pH of solutions in electrophoresis or other biological applications. It is also an enzyme inhibitor for use in the biopharmaceutical industry and is commonly utilized in electro chromatography, UV analysis and HPLC applications.
Urea, U.S.P.
Chemical Properties:CAS Number: 57-13-6
pH: 7.2 (10% solution)
Molecular Weight: 60.06 g/mol
Melting Range: 132-135°C
Molecular Formula: CH4N2O
Industry Uses:
In the biopharmaceutical industry Urea is commonly utilized in denaturing and solubilizing proteins. As a chaotropic agent it is used to restructure proteins. In certain cases where proteins are denatured, Urea may also be useful in renaturing these proteins.